The analogy here would be Congress granting the DOJ the authority to create drug diversion programs, a new drug hitting the scene that requires a response not explicitly called out in the initial legislation (e.g. distribution of naxolone), and the Supreme Court then declaring that response illegal because giving out naxolone just seems like too big a deal to be decided without involving Congress.
No it isn’t. The Clean Air Act is all about requiring polluters to use control technology, and requiring new sources to use better and more expensive control technology than existing sources. That’s the program Congress designed.
Restructuring the energy industry to address climate is a different solution to a different problem, related only by the commonality of emissions into air. It’s like using drug laws to regulate processed foods because both involve harm caused by ingesting things.