I would fight to have your employer let you bring your bike inside. You will become overly familiar with freight elevators, but when your bike is sitting next to your desk all day, it's not going to get stolen.
This is the way to go if you have the option. If you need to keep the bike outside but have a reliable designated area, you may want to consider leaving a heavy chain and padlock on site. If you don't have to carry it with you, you can invest in extra robustness.
If you're talking about trips in addition to the commute to the office, the considerations really depend on the location. The sturdier the lock the better, but in many cases, a superior lock out of view could be considered worse security than a lesser lock with more eyes on.
You'd be well-advised to secure, in addition to the frame, components like wheels and seat, especially if they're quick release. For that, a lighter cable (maybe even one with a built-in combo lock) might suffice as deterrent, but again, it depends. Some of our opportunistic friends seem to be more interested in wheels than frames.
Our office is not great for cycling, but we’re only on the first floor so I’ll probably just lug the thing up the stairs. Just excitedly waiting for cyclescheme to process the payment now!